Mfundo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maikolofoni ya condenser

Lachinayi Dec 23 15:12:07 CST 2021
Chigawo chachikulu cha maikolofoni ya condenser ndi mutu wamtengo, womwe umapangidwa ndi mafilimu awiri achitsulo;Phokoso likachititsa kugwedezeka kwake, kusiyana kosiyana kwa filimu yachitsulo kumapangitsa mphamvu yosiyana ndi kupanga zamakono.Chifukwa mutu wa pole umafunika mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ipangitse polarization, ma maikolofoni a condenser nthawi zambiri amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya phantom kuti agwire ntchito.Maikolofoni ya Condenser ili ndi mawonekedwe okhudzidwa kwambiri komanso kuwongolera kwambiri.Choncho, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyimbo zosiyanasiyana zamaluso, mafilimu ndi zojambula pawailesi yakanema, zomwe ndizofala kwambiri mu studio yojambulira.
Mtundu wina wa maikolofoni wa condenser umatchedwa electret maikolofoni.Maikolofoni ya Electret ili ndi mawonekedwe a voliyumu yaying'ono, osiyanasiyana pafupipafupi, kukhulupirika kwakukulu komanso mtengo wotsika.Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zoyankhulirana, zida zapakhomo ndi zinthu zina zamagetsi.Ma maikolofoni a electret akapangidwa, diaphragm yakhala ikuchitidwa chithandizo champhamvu chamagetsi ndipo idzayimbidwa kwamuyaya, kotero palibe chifukwa chowonjezera magetsi owonjezera polarization.Kwa kunyamula ndi zofunikira zina, maikolofoni ya electret condenser imatha kupangidwa yaying'ono kwambiri, motero imakhudza mtundu wamawu pamlingo wina.Koma mwachidziwitso, sikuyenera kukhala kusiyana kwakukulu pamawu omveka pakati pa ma electret maikolofoni amtundu wofanana ndi ma maikolofoni amtundu wa condenser omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma studio ojambulira.
Maikolofoni yaku China dzina lachilendo dzina lachilendo maikolofoni ya condenser alias condenser maikolofoni mfundo yopyapyala kwambiri yokhala ndi golide wokutidwa ndi filimu capacitor angapo P farad internal resistance g ohm level imakhala yotsika mtengo, voliyumu yaying'ono komanso kumva kwambiri.
ndandanda
1 mfundo yogwira ntchito
2 mawonekedwe
3 kapangidwe
4 cholinga
Ntchito mfundo kusintha ndi wailesi
Maikolofoni ya Condenser
Maikolofoni ya Condenser

Mfundo yojambulira mawu ya maikolofoni ya condenser ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito filimu yopyapyala kwambiri yokhala ndi golide ngati mtengo umodzi wa capacitor, wolekanitsidwa ndi magawo khumi a millimeter, ndi electrode ina yokhazikika, kuti apange capacitor ya P farads zingapo.Electrode ya filimu imasintha mphamvu ya capacitor ndikupanga chizindikiro chamagetsi chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa phokoso la phokoso.Chifukwa capacitance ndi ochepa P farads, kukana kwake mkati kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, Fikirani mlingo wa G ohms.Chifukwa chake, dera likufunika kuti mutembenuzire G ohm impedance kukhala cholepheretsa pafupifupi 600 ohm.Derali, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti "pre amplification circuit", nthawi zambiri limaphatikizidwa mkati mwa maikolofoni ya condenser ndipo limafuna "phantom power supply" kuti liziyendetsa dera.Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa dera lokulitsa izi, ma maikolofoni a condenser ayenera kuyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya phantom kuti azigwira ntchito bwino.Ma maikolofoni a Condenser + phantom magetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala omvera kwambiri, omwe amakhala omvera kwambiri kuposa ma maikolofoni wamba osinthika.Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mphamvu ya phantom ndiyofunikira kuti ma microphone a condenser alembe ngati akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa makompyuta kapena zipangizo zina, ndipo phokoso lojambulidwa silidzakhala laling'ono kuposa la maikolofoni amphamvu.[1]

Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe ndi kuwulutsa
Maikolofoni yamtunduwu ndiyomwe imapezeka kwambiri chifukwa ndiyotsika mtengo, yaying'ono komanso yothandiza.Nthawi zina amatchedwanso maikolofoni.Mfundo yeniyeni ndi iyi: pazitsulo zapadera zakuthupi, pali malipiro.Mlandu pano si wophweka kumasula.Anthu akamalankhula, filimu yoyipitsidwayo imanjenjemera.Chotsatira chake, mtunda pakati pa izo ndi mbale inayake ikusintha nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa capacitance.Komanso, popeza ndalamazo sizingasinthe, magetsi adzasinthanso malinga ndi q = Cu, Mwa njira iyi, chizindikiro cha phokoso chimasinthidwa kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi.Chizindikiro chamagetsi ichi nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeredwa ku FET mkati mwa maikolofoni kuti akweze chizindikirocho.Mukalumikiza dera, samalani ndi kulumikizana kwake kolondola.Kuphatikiza apo, ma maikolofoni a piezoelectric amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pazida zina zotsika.Monga momwe chithunzi 1 chikusonyezera.
Chigawo chachikulu cha maikolofoni ya condenser ndi mutu wa siteji, womwe umapangidwa ndi mafilimu awiri achitsulo;Phokoso likachititsa kugwedezeka kwake, kusiyana kosiyana kwa filimu yachitsulo kumapangitsa mphamvu yosiyana ndi kupanga zamakono.Ma maikolofoni a Condenser nthawi zambiri amafunikira magetsi a 48V phantom, zida zokulitsa maikolofoni kapena chosakanizira kuti agwire ntchito.
Maikolofoni ya Condenser ndi imodzi mwamitundu yakale kwambiri ya maikolofoni, yomwe imatha kuyambika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20.Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya maikolofoni, kapangidwe ka makina a condenser microphone ndi osavuta.Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumata kachidutswa kakang'ono kamene kamatambasulidwa papepala lachitsulo lotchedwa mbale yakumbuyo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kameneka kupanga capacitor yosavuta.Kenako gwiritsani ntchito gwero lamagetsi lakunja (nthawi zambiri magetsi a phantom, koma ma maikolofoni ambiri a condenser amakhalanso ndi zida zawozawo) kuti apereke mphamvu ku capacitor.Kuthamanga kwa phokoso kumagwira ntchito pa diaphragm, diaphragm imapanga kugwedezeka pang'ono pang'ono pamodzi ndi mawonekedwe a waveform, ndiyeno kugwedezeka kumeneku kudzasintha mphamvu yamagetsi kupyolera mu kusintha kwa capacitance, komwe kumapanga chizindikiro cha maikolofoni.M'malo mwake, ma Microphones amathanso kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, koma mfundo zawo zoyambira ndizofanana.Pakalipano, maikolofoni yodziwika kwambiri ya condenser ndi U87 yopangidwa ndi Neumann.[2]

Kusintha kwa kamangidwe ndi kuwulutsa
Mfundo ya maikolofoni ya condenser
Mfundo ya maikolofoni ya condenser
Kapangidwe kake ka maikolofoni ya condenser ikuwonetsedwa pachithunzi "mfundo ya maikolofoni ya condenser": mbale ziwiri za electrode za capacitor zimagawidwa m'magawo awiri, omwe amatchedwa diaphragm ndi electrode yakumbuyo motsatana.Single diaphragm maikolofoni pole mutu, diaphragm ndi kumbuyo pole zili mbali zonse motsatana, awiri diaphragm pole mutu, kumbuyo pole ili pakati, ndipo diaphragm ili mbali zonse.
Chiwongolero cha maikolofoni ya condenser chimakwaniritsidwa ndikukonza mosamalitsa ndikuwongolera njira yamayimbidwe mbali ina ya diaphragm, yomwe imatenga gawo lalikulu muzochitika zosiyanasiyana zojambulira, makamaka munthawi imodzi komanso kujambula pompopompo.
Nthawi zambiri (kupatulapo), ma maikolofoni a condenser ndi apamwamba kuposa ma maikolofoni osunthika mukumva komanso kuyankha kwanthawi yayitali (nthawi zina kutsika).
Izi zikugwirizana ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito yomwe ma maikolofoni a condenser amafunika kuti asinthe ma siginoloji kukhala apano.Nthawi zambiri, diaphragm ya maikolofoni ya condenser ndi yopyapyala kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kunjenjemera chifukwa cha kukakamiza kwa mawu, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kofananira kwamagetsi pakati pa diaphragm ndi kumbuyo kumbuyo kwa chipinda cha diaphragm.Kusintha kwamagetsi kumeneku kudzakulitsidwa ndi preamplifier kenako ndikusinthidwa kukhala mawu otulutsa mawu.
Zoonadi, preamplifier yotchulidwa pano imatanthawuza amplifier yomangidwa mu maikolofoni, osati "preamplifier", ndiko kuti, preamplifier pa chosakaniza kapena mawonekedwe.Chifukwa gawo la diaphragm la maikolofoni ya condenser ndi laling'ono kwambiri, limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ma siginecha otsika kwambiri kapena amawu okwera kwambiri.Ndizowona.Maikolofoni ambiri a condenser amatha kujambula molondola ma siginoloji omwe anthu ambiri sangamve.[2]
Cholinga chowulutsa
Maikolofoni ya Condenser ndiye maikolofoni yabwino kwambiri yojambulira.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumaphatikizapo solo, saxophone, chitoliro, chitoliro chachitsulo kapena mphepo yamkuntho, gitala lamayimbidwe kapena acoustic bass.Maikolofoni ya Condenser ndiyoyenera malo aliwonse omwe amafunikira mawu apamwamba komanso mawu.Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kolimba komanso kutha kupirira kuthamanga kwa mawu, ma maikolofoni a condenser ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yolimbikitsira mawu kapena kujambula pompopompo.Itha kunyamula ng'oma ya phazi, gitala ndi sipika ya bass.[3]