ULwesine Disemba 23 15:12:07 CST 2021
Ingxenye eyinhloko yombhobho we-condenser yikhanda le-pole, elakhiwe amafilimu amabili ensimbi;Uma igagasi lomsindo libangela ukudlidliza kwalo, ukuhlukana okuhlukile kwefilimu yensimbi kubangela amandla ahlukene futhi kukhiqize amandla amanje.Ngenxa yokuthi inhloko yesigxobo idinga i-voltage ethile ukuze i-polarization, imibhobho ye-condenser ngokuvamile idinga ukusebenzisa amandla e-phantom ukuze isebenze.Imakrofoni ye-Condenser inezici zokuzwela okuphezulu nokuqondisa okuphezulu.Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kumculo oqeqeshiwe ohlukahlukene, ifilimu nokuqoshwa kwethelevishini, okuvame kakhulu ku-studio yokuqopha.
Olunye uhlobo lombhobho we-condenser lubizwa nge-electret microphone.Imakrofoni ye-Electret inezici zevolumu encane, ububanzi befrikhwensi ebanzi, ukwethembeka okuphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.Isetshenziswe kakhulu ezintweni zokuxhumana, izinto zasendlini kanye neminye imikhiqizo kagesi.Lapho kukhiqizwa ama-microphone we-electret, i-diaphragm iye yabhekana nokwelashwa kwe-polarization ephezulu futhi izokhokhiswa unomphela, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwengeza i-voltage ye-polarization eyengeziwe.Ngokuphatheka nezinye izidingo, imakrofoni ye-electret condenser ingenziwa ibe mncane kakhulu, ngakho izothinta ikhwalithi yomsindo ngezinga elithile.Kepha ngokwethiyori, akumele kube nomehluko omkhulu kwikhwalithi yomsindo phakathi kwamakrofoni e-electret anosayizi ofanayo namakrofoni ye-condenser yendabuko esetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-studio okurekhoda.
Imakrofoni yegama lesiShayina i-condenser microphone igama langaphandle le-condenser microphone alias condenser microphone isimiso sefilimu esincanyana ngokwedlulele esicwebezeliswe ifilimu capacitor eziningana P farad ukumelana kwangaphakathi g ohm level izici ezishibhile, ivolumu encane nokuzwela okuphezulu
ikhathalogi
1 umgomo wokusebenza
2 izici
3 isakhiwo
4 inhloso
Ukuhlelwa kwezimiso zokusebenza nokusakaza
Imakrofoni yeCondenser
Imakrofoni yeCondenser
Umgomo wokuthatha umsindo wombhobho we-condenser ukusebenzisa ifilimu ezacile kakhulu egqitshwe ngegolide njengesigxobo esisodwa se-capacitor, ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbalwa zeshumi zemilimitha, kanye nenye i-electrode egxilile, ukuze kwakheke i-capacitor yama-P farad ambalwa.I-electrode yefilimu ishintsha umthamo we-capacitor futhi yakha isignali kagesi ngenxa yokudlidliza kwegagasi lomsindo.Ngenxa yokuthi i-capacitance ingama-P farad ambalwa kuphela, ukumelana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuphezulu kakhulu, Finyelela izinga le-G ohms.Ngakho-ke, isekethe iyadingeka ukuguqula i-G ohm impedance ibe yisithiyo esijwayelekile esingaba ngu-600 ohm.Le sekethi, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-pre amplification circuit", ivamise ukuhlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwe-condenser microphone futhi idinga "ukunikezwa kwamandla we-phantom" ukuze kunikwe amandla isekethe.Ngenxa yobukhona balesi sekethi yokukhulisa isandiso sangaphambili, imibhobho ye-condenser kufanele inikezwe amandla amandla okuphakela i-phantom ukuze isebenze ngokujwayelekile.Amamakrofoni e-Condenser + amandla okunikezwa kwamandla e-phantom ngokuvamile azwela kakhulu, okuzwela kakhulu kunamakrofoni ashukumisayo avamile.Ngamanye amazwi, amandla e-phantom ayadingeka ukuze ama-microphone e-condenser aqophe ukuthi asetshenziswa kumakhompyutha noma amanye amadivaysi, futhi umsindo orekhodiwe ngeke ube mncane kunalowo wamakrofoni ashukumisayo.[1]
Ukuhlelwa kwesici nokusakaza
Lolu hlobo lombhobho yilona oluvame kakhulu ngoba ishibhile, luncane futhi lusebenza ngempumelelo.Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi imakrofoni.Umgomo othize umi kanje: kungqimba olukhethekile lwezinto ezibonakalayo, kukhona ukukhokhiswa.Inkokhelo lapha akulula ukuyikhulula.Uma abantu bekhuluma, ifilimu eshajiwe iyandindizela.Ngenxa yalokho, ibanga eliphakathi kwalo nepuleti elithile lihlala lishintsha, okuholela ekushintsheni kwe-capacitance.Futhi, njengoba icala elikulo lihlala lingashintshiwe, i-voltage izophinde ishintshe ngokusho kwe-q = Cu, Ngale ndlela, isignali yomsindo iguqulwa ibe isignali kagesi.Lesi siginali kagesi ngokuvamile yengezwa ku-FET ngaphakathi kwemakrofoni ukuze kukhuliswe isignali.Uma uxhuma kumjikelezo, naka ukuxhumana kwayo okulungile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakrofoni ye-piezoelectric nayo ivame ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amadivaysi asezingeni eliphansi.Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.
Ingxenye eyinhloko yombhobho we-condenser yinhloko yesiteji, esakhiwe amafilimu amabili ensimbi;Uma igagasi lomsindo libangela ukudlidliza kwalo, ukuhlukana okuhlukile kwefilimu yensimbi kubangela amandla ahlukene futhi kukhiqize amandla amanje.Amamakrofoni e-Condenser ngokuvamile adinga ugesi we-48V we-phantom, okokusebenza kokukhulisa imakrofoni noma i-mixer ukuze isebenze.
Imakrofoni ye-Condenser ingenye yezinhlobo zemakrofoni ezindala kakhulu, ezingalandelelwa emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamakrofoni, ukwakheka kwemishini yamakrofoni e-condenser iyona elula kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi ukunamathisela i-diaphragm ene-conductive encane encane eshidini lensimbi elibizwa ngokuthi i-back plate, futhi usebenzise lesi sakhiwo ukwakha i-capacitor elula.Bese usebenzisa umthombo wamandla kagesi wangaphandle (imvamisa ukunikezwa kwamandla we-phantom, kodwa imibhobho eminingi ye-condenser nayo inomshini wayo wokuphakela amandla) ukuze unikeze amandla ku-capacitor.Lapho ingcindezi yomsindo isebenza ku-diaphragm, i-diaphragm izokwenza ukudlidliza okuncane okuhlukahlukene kanye ne-waveform, bese lokhu kudlidliza kuzoshintsha i-voltage ephumayo ngokushintsha kwamandla, okwakha isignali yokuphuma kombhobho.Eqinisweni, i-Capacitance Microphones ingabuye ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana, kodwa umgomo wabo oyisisekelo wokusebenza uyafana.Njengamanje, imakrofoni ye-condenser ethandwa kakhulu yi-U87 ekhiqizwe nguNeumann.[2]
Ukuhlelwa kwesakhiwo nokusakaza
Isimiso se-condenser microphone
Isimiso se-condenser microphone
Isakhiwo esijwayelekile se-microphone ye-condenser siboniswa emfanekisweni "isimiso se-condenser microphone": amapuleti amabili e-electrode e-capacitor ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye ezimbili, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-diaphragm kanye ne-electrode yangemuva ngokulandelana.I-microphone eyodwa ye-diaphragm microphole head, i-diaphragm nesigxobo sangemuva zitholakala nhlangothi zombili ngokulandelana, ikhanda le-diaphragm pole, i-back pole itholakala phakathi, kanti i-diaphragm itholakala nhlangothi zombili.
Ukuqondisa kwemakrofoni ye-condenser kufezwa ngokuklama ngokucophelela nokulungisa iphutha lendlela ye-acoustic ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-diaphragm, edlala indima enkulu ezenzakalweni zokurekhoda ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nokuqoshwa bukhoma.
Ngokuvamile (ngaphandle kwalokho), ama-microphone e-condenser angaphezulu kwamakrofoni aguqukayo ngokuzwela kanye nempendulo ye-high-frequency enwetshiwe (kwesinye isikhathi imvamisa ephansi).
Lokhu kuhlobene nomgomo wokusebenza wokuthi imibhobho ye-condenser idinga ukuguqula amasignali omsindo abe awamanje kuqala.Ngokuvamile, i-diaphragm ye-condenser microphone incane kakhulu, okulula ukudlidliza ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezela komsindo, okuholela ekushintsheni okuhambisanayo kwamandla kagesi phakathi kwe-diaphragm kanye ne-backplane engemuva yekhompathimenti ye-diaphragm.Lolu shintsho lwe-voltage luzokhuliswa i-preamplifier bese luguqulwa lube okukhipha isignali yomsindo.
Yiqiniso, i-preamplifier okukhulunywe ngayo lapha ibhekisela ku-amplifier eyakhelwe kumbhobho, kunokuba "i-preamplifier", okungukuthi, i-preamplifier ku-mixer noma isixhumi esibonakalayo.Ngenxa yokuthi indawo ye-diaphragm yombhobho we-condenser incane kakhulu, izwela kakhulu kumasignali we-low-frequency noma i-high-frequency sound.Iqiniso.Iningi lama-condenser microphone lingakwazi ukuthwebula ngokunembile izimpawu zomsindo abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukuzizwa.[2]
Inhloso yokuhlela ukusakaza
Imakrofoni ye-Condenser imakrofoni engcono kakhulu yokuqoshwa.Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlanganisa i-solo, i-saxophone, umtshingo, ipayipi lensimbi noma i-woodwind, isiginci se-acoustic noma i-acoustic bass.Imakrofoni ye-Condenser ifanele noma iyiphi indawo lapho kudingeka ikhwalithi yomsindo nomsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu.Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esimangelengele kanye nekhono lokusingatha ukucindezela komsindo ophezulu, imibhobho ye-condenser iyinketho engcono kakhulu yokuqinisa umsindo obukhoma noma ukurekhoda bukhoma.Ingakwazi ukucosha isigubhu sonyawo, isiginci kanye nesipikha sebhesi.[3]
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-28-2023